Calculating-machine.



J. BRIGKEN. GALCULATING MAGH'INB. APPLICATION FILED 11017.27, 1909. BEREWBD APB.. 3. 1913.

,Patented Dec. 1, 1914 4 SHEBTS-SHBET l.

Ingen/Z l lfo/zmjifiZLCJ/Eem J. BRICKEN.

CALGULATING MACHINE.

PPLIUATIOH FILED Nov. 27. 1909. Rnnzwnn APB. a, 191s. 1, 1 19,061..

Patented Dec. Y1, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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J. B'RICKBN. CALGU'LATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 11017.27, 1909. RENBWED APB.. 3, 1913.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

77,06 John/25) 663041977/ J7 @uxfexu 7 @0% J. BRIGKEN.

GALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED 11011.27, 1909. RBNEWBD APB. 3, 1913.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

.UNITED STATES PATENT carros.

JOHN BRICIEN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIG-NOR, BY DIRECT AND I'IESN E ASSIG-Nf MENTS, TO BURROUG-H-S ADDING MACHINE COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A

CORPORATION F MICHIGAN.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN BRICKEN, a subject of the Emperor of Russia, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain newV and useful Improvement in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates ,to calculating machines and is in certain respects in the na-` ture of an improvement over the inventions described and claimed in my Patent No.

938,550,'issued November 2,1909, and ,No.

, tion is to 943,514, issued December 14, 1909.

In my previous machines Cit is necessary in multiplying by any given digit to press two different figure keys each of which is marked with the same digit, for example, in multiplying by five it` is necessary to strike a `ve units key and then a five tens key.

One of the objects ofr my present invention is to render it possible to gain the same effect by means of a` single key.

` Again, in thg machine shown in myprevious patents the keyboard and keys are hift'able relatively to the differential memers.

One of the objects of my present invenproduce a machine capable of multiplying without shifting the keys, or pressing them more than once.,

Another object of the invention is to produce a machine in which multiplication may be performed commencing from leither end of the multiplier.

I obtain my objects by the mechanism ,illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which` Figures 1 and 2 are side elevations in section taken respectively on the lines 1 1 and 2-2 of Fig. '3. Fig. 3 is a plan view taken on the line 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 isra top plan View showing the gure keys. A

portion of the top of the case is `broken away at the front of the machine where certain of the parts are shown in horizontal section. Fig. 5 is a front elevation in ,section taken on the line 5--5, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view showing a front elevation in section taken in the 1. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the lower portion of one of the ,figure keys. Fig. 8 is a perspective View of one of the members Specification of Letters Patent.

line 6?(5', Fig.'

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Renewed April 3, 1913. Serial No. 758,712.

' of the shifting mechanism whereby the differential members are shifted Vto the position called for by the factor to be used. Fig. 9 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the front end of one of the differential members. view showing the ing segments or differential members associated therewith.

Similar reference characters denote similar parts throughout the several views.

In the mechanism selected to illustrate the present invention the casing 1 j. has mounted therein a stationary transverse shaft 2 which serves as a pivot for the actuators 3. There is one of these actuators for each ordinary place in .the machine, the number thereof ydepending upon the capacity of the machine. They are independently rotatable about shaft 2 and are adapted to actuate the computing mechanism in the different ordinal places thereof in the manner well known in calculating machines. They may be conveniently termed the imits \actuator, tens actuator, hundreds-actuator, etc., commencing at the right or lowest ordinal place in the machine. j

Associated with each actuator, except the highest and lowest in themachine, are two differential members 5 and 6. These are located on opposite sides ofthe actuato'r and are slidable relatively thereto. In the preferred construction the actuators each have two longitudinal slots 3b through whichextend rivets 7 which are slidable in said slots and support the said differential members.

front of one of the actuatheads 7a as clearly shown. As the rivets Patented Dec, 1, 1914.

Fig. 10 is a .perspective actuators and one of the pass through the two differential members on any given actuator it is obvious that said differential members will move in unison and that they will have two movements, one a rotary movement around the shaft 2 as an axis, and the other, a sliding or shifting movement lengthwise of the actuator. The

rotary movement produces a corresponding rotary movement of the actuator for actuating the computing wheels (not shown); and the shifting movement is for bringing different points of contact on the differential members into the path of a descending figyure key. As an additional support it is'desirable to provide rests 3a on the actuators of the diiferenalong which the lower edges They are best tial members may slide.

` shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

V,As has been stated, there are two differential members upon e'ach actuator except the highest and lowest. The one on the left side of each actuator (looking from the front as in Fig. 5) will be termed the units differential member; the one on the right, the tens differential member. This is in accordance with the well known table of multiplication, shown, for example, in the earliest of my aforesaid patents and illustrating the fact that the product ofl any two digits may be expressed by not to exceedtwo digits, a units digit and a tens digit. The units differential members in my present machine are for representing andsetting up the units single differential member and that one is a rows determining the capacityof the mach1ne. There vare nine keys in each row.

units differential member. The'figure keys 8 are-arranged in vertical rows or columns, one'foreach ordinal place in the machine. The row at the right are in the units column, the row next to the left in the tens column, etc., the number of running from 1 to 9, and each key is adaptedv to contact the differential members, a units differential member on one actuator and the tens differential member on the next higher actuator. The diiferential members are so constructed that when thus depressed by a key, the amount of their movement will correspond respectively to the units andtens of the properproduct in the table of, multiplication above mentioned: To accomplishl this `the differential members are divided' theoretically into-nine sections, one for each cause no point key and each" sectlontheoretically has nine where the key different points of contact may contact it. I say theoretically beof contact is necessary where zeros occur and in the tens dierential mem-I bers no points of contact are necessary for.

products which may be expressed by a single digit. The amount of movement of any differential member (and hence of the actuator uponl which it is mounted) depends upon Vwhich point is contacted, andthe point con-v tacted will dependv upon the position to` which the diif ,rentialv` member is shifted lengthwlse of the actuator. 'In other words,

a greater or less amount vof movement of an actuator may be produced upon the action f ofany gvenkey by shifting the differential members'which said key will contact; and

exceeding Of course shifting- 'the brackets 22 andl have slots 23 atvtheir lower extremities through which the rivets and 18. This .causesthe links 21 to shift'Lv the differential members 5 and G'along the lkey 5-the operator -depresses the figure key' no hence it will be clear that the position of thev l differential.l members becomes a factor vin the amount of movement ofthe actuators and hence of the computing mechanism. This movement of the differential members I produce by means of factor keys 9 which, Y in the present instance, are arranged at the. left side of the machine in a vertical row parallel to the figure keys'. There are eight l of these factor keys running from 2 to 9, as 7;

best shown inFig. 4. y Various forms of connection'between the factor keys and the differential members may be devised without the scope of my invention, but in the form of machine selected for illustra-'80 tion said factor keys are arranged so that any one of them is operative upon the approximately horizontal arm 10 of a bell crank lever which is rigidly secured to the rock shaftv 11 and has an approximately vertical arm 12-having a'slot 13 at its upper end. By preference, a guide 14 is formed at the free end of arm 10 to confine its movemen to a vertical plane. 'A tension spring 15's'ecured at one end of arm 12 and at the 90 other endl'to a fixed rod 1 6 tends to hold the. arm 12 up and theupper end of arm 12 forward toward the front of the machine. An. arm similarin construction. to arm 12 isf rigidly secured tothe opposite end of rock shaft 11, as shown -in'Fig 3, and is'urgedby a spring 19 in the same manner as arm 12 is urged'by spring 15. Spring 19 is also secured to rod 16. A bar 20 extends across from arm 12- to arm18, penetrating the slots at the l upper ends thereof and forming means for controlling the shifting members 2l to which said barv is connected. Said members are slidably mounted in"v From the above it willvbe apparent that when a factor key is depressed the dierential members will all be shifted forward la definite amount, depending upon the key struck.

V Suitable guide brackets 24 and 25 are secured in the machine casing forv uidin the figure keys and-factor keys; an said 4eys 115 are normally held in raised position by means of springs 26.

In operationylet' 4it be' assumed that the v operatory wishes 'to' multiply234 by 5. He. will first depress the factor key 5 which willl depress the arm a definite amount and 'produce 'a corresponding rotation in vthe rock shaft 11 which willproduce a corresponding amount of rotation in the arms 12 125 actuators 31a .definite amount corresponding vtothe factor 5. After the differential members have been thus shifted bythe factor 2 in the hundreds column ofthe machine, then the 3 -in the tens column and then the 4 in the units column. The aotlrlal results produced may be tabulated thus :Q'

- a 19 (e) 2o (f) fo Line a is the multiplicand, the multiplier, lines e, .d, and e the partial products in their proper ordinal Aplaces and? line f the total product. Analyzing this, it means that the figure key 2 will depress the thousands actuator one step and the hundreds actuator no steps. The 3 figure key will depress the hundreds actuator one step and the tens actuator five steps. The 4 gure key will depress the tens actuator two stepsy and the units actuator no steps. As the movements of any given actuator thus occur successively. the aggregate movement of the thousands actuator will he one step, of the hundreds actuator, one step, of the tens actuator seven steps and of the units actuator no steps;l which corresponds to the total product 1170. In view of the above itl becomes obvious that it is immaterial in my machine whether the voperator commences at the left or right end of the multiplicand.

I claim as my invention t- A1. A multiplying machine having differential actuators having diii'erent points; of actuation, and figure keys for operating said diii'erential actuators, said differential actuators being movable to nine different positions relatively to said keys for the purpose described. l p

2. A multiplying machinehaving dilierential members adapted to be moved different amounts according to the value of the digit to be set up, said dierential members having diil'erentpoints-l of actuation, and ligure keys for operating said diierential members, said differential members being shiftable to nine kdiiterent positions rela-y tively to said keys to therebycause said keys to produce nine different quantities of'motion of said differential members.

5.5 3. A multiplying machine having diti'erential members having eighty-one points of actuation capable of producingnine diierent quantities of movement, and figure keys for operating said differential members, saidA differential members being movable to nine diiierent positions to thereby present the different points of actuation to the figure ke s.

il. A multiplying machine having actua- 65 tors for operating the computing mechaactuated thereby,

va-lue of the multiplier and means for shiftnism, differential members adapted to oscil, late and to shift bodily for the pu'r'pc'ise de.-V scribed, means for operating said diii'erential members, and means for shifting Said diiigerential members.

"'5. A multiplying machine having figure keys, diiierential actuators adapted to' be sai'd differential actuators being shiftable to different positions relatively to said gure keys, to be contacted thereby at different points depending upon the value of the multiplier and means o' shifting said differential actuators. 6.'A multiplying machine having figure keys, differential members adapted to be ac tuated thereby, said dierential members bem ing shiftableto different positions relatively to said figure keys, to be contacted thereby at different points 'depending upon the ing said differential members, said diferential members appearing in pairs, one pair u for each ordinal place in the machine, eX- cept 4the highest and lowest.

't'. A'multiplying machine having igure keys, differential members, adapted to be actuated thereby, said differential members being shiftable to different positions relatively to ,said ligure keys, to be contacted thereby at diiferent points depending upon the value of the multiplier and means for shifting said differential members, said differential members appearing in pairs,` one pair`for each ordinal place in the lmachine, except the highest and lowest, one diferential member in a pair being for the units and the otherlfor the tens of the partial prod-y ucts, and a single figure key being adapted to operate a pair of differential members.

`8.'A multiplying machine having iigure 05 keys, differential members adapted to be; actuated thereby, each of said differential l members having two kinds of'movement, one kind for actuating the computing mech-- anism and the other kind for changing the position of the diiierential members rela tively to the figure keys to be actuated therebyat differentpoints depending upon the value of the multiplying digi 9. A multiplying machine having nine 115 lfigure keys for each ordinal place in the machine, a pair of ,differential members for each ordinal place lin the machine, except the highest and the lowest, each air 0f differential members beingr adapted) to be :20 operated by all of the keys in thc respective ordinal place, and said diiferentalmembers having eighty-one points of actuation and` being shiftable to nine different positions for presenting diere'nt ones of said points 015.125

actuation to said keys. c

10. In a multiplying machine, a row `of nine gure keys in .each ordinal place, a pair of. differential lmembers for each row adapted to be operated by all of the gure :s3-*n v ber for each pending upon the value of the multiplier,

there being two dierential members for each order in the machine except the highest and lowest.

.12.v A multiplying machine having oscili latory diferentialone-piece members having '7. nism, so'

different surfaces of actuation formed thereon, and gure keys for oscillating said differential members, said differential members being slidable to nine di'erent positions relatively to said keys for presenting dierent surfaces of actuation thereto, and factor keys for Jcausing thev sliding of said differential members.

' 13. A multiplying machine having actuators for actuating the computing mechatwo differential vmembers movably mounted n each of said actuators, except the highest and lowest, and figure keys adapted to actuate two differential members, one on one actuator and one on the adjacent actuator., Y j

14. A computing machine having actuators for actniating the computing lmechanism, two differential members movably mounted on each ofgsaid actuators, except the highest and lowest, ligure keys adapted to actuate. two differential members, one on 'one actuator j and one on'the adjacent actuator,

purpose described. 15. In a multi lying machine the comblnation of actuatorsvfor actuating the computing mechanism, a unit-s and a tens differential member on each ofthe actuators, ex-

cept the highest and lowest, the lowest actuator having a units differential member and the highest having a tens diiferential member, figure keys adapted to contact the units differential member on one actuator and the tens differential actuator on the next higher actuator,` factor keys. and lconnections be- -tween said factor keys and vsaid differential members whereby the depression of a factor key produces a movement of the differential members .to present dierent points of actul ation'ior` the differential members to the respective figure keys. j

16. A multiplying-`machine having nine gure keys running 'from 1 to 9 in each ordmal placein the machine, a rotary vactuator foreach ordinal plaeein. the machine, said and means for moving said diere-ntialmembers relatively to said actuators for the ferential member, and the-highest having a tens differential member, one figure key being adapted to operate the units differential member on one actuator andthe tens differential member ofthe actuator of next higher order, eight factor keys running from 2 to 9, and connections between said factorv .keys and all of said differential members whereby any factor key may-shift all of the P differential members upon the respective actuators to thereby present different lpoints of actuation on the dlfferential members .to the figure keys.

17. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a series of sets of denominational keys, and actuators one for each set of keys and operable thereby and a plurality of differentiated abutments for each key of the set, with provisions for relative adjustment between the actuator and the keys to vary the abutments presented to the latter.

18; In a machine of the character described, the combination of a series of sets of denominationall keys, and actuators one for each set of keys and operable thereby and having a plurality of differentiated abutments for each key of the set, with provisions for relative adjustment between the actuator and the keys tovary the abutments presented to 'the latter; higher order actuators also having differentiated abutments for next lower order keys. j 19. In a machineof the character described, the combination of a series of sets of denominational keys, the keys in each set having different extents of movement, a series of actuators one for each set of keys and operable thereby, and melans for varying the point in its movement at'which each key engages the actuator.

20. In a machine of the character described,v a series of actuators, a series of sets ofkeys, one set' lforeach actuator, the keys of each set made movable tov different extents, and means carried by each actuator for varying the point at which it is engaged by each ofthe keys of the set with which it is associated. 21. In a machine of the class described,

the combination of levers; a set of keys for the combination of levers a set of keys for scribed my name in the presence of two witeach lever; bars slidable on the levers and nesses. having differentiated abutments for the ,JOHN BRICKEN. keys, and a set of keys an@ connectlons 5 therefrom to said bars for -variously setting Wltnesses:

Jche latter.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto sub` Corrections in Letters Patent No. 1,1 19,061n

HOWARD M. Cox, MARGARET D. ROBE.

1t is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,119,061, granted December l, 1914, upon the application of John Blicken, of Chicago, Illinois, for an improvernent in Calculating-Machines, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page l, line 70, for the Word ordinary read ordinal; page 4,

line 116, strike-out the Words carried by and insert the words associated wit/z;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that @the samefrnay conform to the record of vthe case in the Patent Oc'e.

/Signed and sealed this 26th day of January, A. D., 1915.`

[SEAL] e r. WHITEHEAD,

yAoz'n'g Commissioner of Patente. 

